整编:湖南师范大学自考 时间:2017-03-01 17:50
2017年湖南自考学士学位外语考试即将到来,对于考生们来说,英语作为是最难拿分的部分,下面,湖南自考网(www.hnshifan.com)给大家提供了2种写作应急的办法,希望对大家能有所帮助。
试用笼统词
英语语言中笼统词有have,take等,笼统词的重要特点在于意义广泛,搭配性强,构成词组后可以替代众多具体动词。虽然不能精确表达一个动作,却能大致表达意思。在一些具体动词写不出来的时候,用这些笼统词取代,也能收到异曲同工的效果。
例如:我经历了一个极其艰苦的时代。
I experienced a terrible hard time.
这一句中,experience被遗忘时,用have代替,成为:I had a terrible hard time. 其效果及表达的意义决不亚于第一句。这样的例子还很多。如:
Do you understand my meaning, sir?=Do you take my meaning, sir?
I will preside over the meeting.=I will take the meeting.
I will subscribe to the local newspaper.=I will take the local newspaper.
They occupied the city.=They took the city.
The boy resembles his father.=The boy takes after his father.
从以上的例句不难看出,具体词音节较多,使用频率不高,容易遗忘,而笼统词则不然。因此,在作文中,笼统词取代具体词,不失为一种应急良策。
联想有关词汇
当遗忘产生时,或遇到未曾学过的词时,应采取放射性思维,发挥想象力,想出一切与之有关的单词,利用语言的内在联系,多层次,多角度地运用语言。一般情况下,联想可按下列思路进行:1联想同义词;2联想反义词。
英语语言中众多的同义词在许多情况下是可以通用的。利用这一规律,由于某个单词受阻而影响全篇写作的情况便不会出现。试看下列句子:
I had a nightmare last night.=I had a bad dream last night.
Nightmare使用频率不太高,因此不太好记。而其同义词bad dream却很容易记。以后者取代前者丝毫不影响原句的意义。再比如:I don't understand this word. 也可以说成 I don’t know this word.
另外:
He is stupid.=He is foolish.=He is a fool.=He is silly.
The food is delicious.=The food is tasty.=The food is nice to eat.
They discontinued the work at five.=They stopped the work at five.
His temper is nasty.=His temper is terrible.=He has a bad temper.
英语语言中词与词之间是有联系的,词与词之间语义的“共核”现象即所谓的同义词。丰富的同义词给我们提供了极大的方便。同样,用其反义词来取代某一遗忘了的词也是可行的,请看下面的例子:
He is stubborn.=He is not tame.
The knife is blunt.=The knife is not sharp.
This is expensive.=This is not cheap.
She is talkative.=She is never quiet.